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Richard Channing Garfield (born June 26, 1963) is an American mathematician, inventor, and game designer. Garfield created , which is considered to be the first collectible card game (CCG). Magic debuted in 1993, and its success spawned many imitations.
Garfield oversaw the successful growth of Magic and followed it with other game designs.Allen Varney. " Richard Garfield ." The Escapist. 10 JULY 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2013. Included in these are Keyforge, Netrunner, BattleTech Collectible Card Game, , Star Wars Trading Card Game, The Great Dalmuti, Artifact, and Board game including RoboRally, King of Tokyo, and Bunny Kingdom. He also created a variation of the card game Hearts called Complex Hearts. Garfield first became passionate about games when he played the roleplaying game Dungeons & Dragons, so he designed Magic decks to be customizable like roleplaying characters. Garfield and Magic are both in the Adventure Gaming Hall of Fame. List of Winners, Origins Game Fair. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
While Garfield always had an interest in puzzles and games, his passion was kick-started when he was introduced to Dungeons & Dragons. Garfield designed his first game when he was 13.
In 1985,26.5248 Garfield received a Bachelor of Science degree in computational mathematics. After college, he joined Bell Laboratories, but soon after decided to continue his education and attended the University of Pennsylvania, studying combinatorial mathematics for his PhD. Garfield studied under Herbert Wilf and earned a Ph.D. in combinatorial mathematics from Penn in 1993. His thesis was On the Residue Classes of Combinatorial Families of Numbers. Shortly thereafter, he became a Visiting scholar of mathematics at Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington.
Garfield had been creating card games since at least 1982, starting with a card game called Five Magics that was inspired by Cosmic Encounter, and his work with this new card game built on his existing older prototypes. Garfield thus combined ideas from two previous games to invent the first trading card game, . At first, Garfield and Adkison called the game Manaclash and worked on it in secret during a lawsuit filed by Palladium Games against Wizards. They were able to protect the game's intellectual property by using the shell company Garfield Games. Garfield began designing Magic as a Penn graduate student. Garfield's were mostly fellow Penn students.
Wizards finally released Garfield's RoboRally in 1994. Wizards published Garfield's -based CCG Jyhad in 1994, but changed the name to in 1995 to avoid offense to Muslims. Netrunner (1996) was Garfield's CCG based on Cyberpunk 2020, where he included an element that made it an asymmetrical game, so that the two players each had entirely different cards, abilities, and goals. Wizards published the BattleTech Collectible Card Game in 1996, based on a design by Garfield. Peter Adkison was developing a Dungeons & Dragons MMORPG based on a design from Garfield and Skaff Elias, but left Wizards in December 2000 after Hasbro sold the D&D computer rights and cancelled the project.
In 1999, Garfield was inducted into the Adventure Gaming Hall of Fame alongside Magic. He was a primary play tester for the Dungeons & Dragons 3rd edition bookset, released by Wizards in 2000. He eventually left Wizards to become an independent game designer.
Garfield taught a class titled "The Characteristics of Games" at the University of Washington. It is now taught as part of the University of Washington's Certificate in Game Design.
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